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Horatio Shirley
General Sir Horatio Shirley KCB (8 December 1805 – 8 April 1879) was a British general of the Victorian era. His disinclination for studies led his family to purchase him a commission in the Rifle Brigade in 1825; in 1833, he obtained a captaincy in the Connaught Rangers. He rose to become lieutenant-colonel commanding that regiment in 1848, and led it to the Crimean War in 1854. During the Siege of Sevastopol, Shirley supervised a successful attack on the Quarries in front of the Great Redan, and received the C.B. and command of a brigade. Wounded in the Battle of the Great Redan, he returned home on leave, and commanded troops in Great Britain and Ireland until 1861. Made a K.C.B. and a general in retirement, he became colonel of his old regiment before his death in 1879.
==Education and early service==
Shirley was the fifth and youngest son of Evelyn Shirley of Ettington Park and his wife Phillis, the daughter of Charlton Wollaston. His eldest brother was Evelyn John Shirley. He was educated at Mr. Davies' school in Streatham and became a student at Rugby School in 1820; however, his mother, in 1821, described him as "a pleasant, droll, active boy, but would never make a scholar." He matriculated on 10 May 1823 at Trinity College, Oxford, where his brother James was a student. True to his mother's prediction, he was "very idle" in college, and she withdrew him in November 1824 to send him into the British Army, in which his brothers Charles and William were officers.
He purchased a second lieutenancy in the Rifle Brigade on 12 May 1825, and joined the regiment on 1 July in Dublin. The Rifle Brigade was ordered to Malta in January 1826; Shirley initially stayed with the regimental depot in Kinsale and then in Tralee, joining the regiment in Malta in September. Shirley purchased a lieutenancy in the Rifle Brigade on 31 October 1826, and was posted with the 1st Battalion in Gibraltar. He was with the regiment in Ireland in 1827, England in 1828, and went with them to Halifax, Canada in May 1829. Aside from a visit to England on leave in the fall of 1831, Shirley remained in Canada with the Rifles until 1833.
On 5 July 1833, Shirley purchased a captaincy on the unattached list, and then paid to exchange as a captain into the 88th Regiment of Foot (Connaught Rangers), with whom he would serve for the rest of his active career. He reported to the Rangers' depot at Sheerness on 15 January 1834, and was stationed with them in England and Ireland until 1836, when the regiment was ordered to the Mediterranean. He reached Malta with the regiment on 1 January 1837. The regiment was several years in the Mediterranean, and he took a tour of Greece with several brother-officers in the summer of 1841. He purchased a majority after Ormsby Phibbs purchased the lieutenant-colonelcy of the regiment, on 31 December 1841. In 1847, the regiment was ordered to the West Indies. Shirley was promoted to lieutenant-colonel on 18 January 1848 and took command of the regiment, after Phibbs died of yellow fever in Barbados. The regiment was sent to Halifax in 1850, and returned to England in 1851. Under Shirley's command, the Connaught Rangers showed remarkably good discipline, largely free of crime and drunkenness.
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